Hubungan beban dengan depresi keluarga yang merawat pasien stroke di Rumah Sakit Al-Islam Bandung

Tuti Pahria; Citra Windani Mambang Sari; Lisnawati

doi:10.17509/jpki.v5i2.125

Abstract

Stroke can lead to a physical disability that results in need of family assistance to complete a patient’s activity daily living. The duty of care to the disabled stroke patient often create a burden to the family members Rumah Sakit Al-Islam Bandung. Research with descriptive correlation method on 92 families. Family burden measured using the Zarit Burden Interview, while the depression measured using Beck Depression Inventory-II. Correlation between the two variables will be examined by Spearman correlation analysis. The result shows that 69,6% of caregiver perceived little or no burden, 26,1% perceived mild burden, and 4,3% perceived moderate burden. Then 71,7% of caregivers perceived normal mood disturbance, 20,7% perceived mild mood disturbance, 4,3% perceived mild depression, 2,2% perceived moderate depression, and 1,1% perceived severe depression. The result correlation test show there is a positive. correlation between burden and depression had p-value of 0,000 (r=0,547). The conclusion in this study is that the higher the burden felt by the family caregiver of stroke patients, the more severe the depression will occur. Nursing practices are expected to provide appropriate interventions, one of which is support to reduce burden so as to prevent depression.

Abstrak

Stroke menyebabkan pasien mengalami kecacatan sehingga memerlukan keluarga dalam memenuhi kebutuhan aktivitas sehari-hari. Tugas keluarga sebagai caregiver dapat menimbulkan beban. Beban menjadi salah satu faktor yang dianggap berhubungan dengan depresi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara beban dan depresi pada keluarga yang merawat pasien stroke di Rumah Sakit Al-Islam Bandung. Penelitian dengan metode deskriptif korelasi dilakukan kepada 92 keluarga. Pengukuran beban dilakukan menggunakan instrumen the Zarit Burden Interview dan pengukuran depresi dilakukan menggunakan instrumen Beck Depression Inventory-II. Analisis hubungan ditunjukan melalui korelasi Spearman rank. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa 69,6% keluarga memiliki sedikit atau hampir tidak ada beban, 26,1% beban ringan, dan 4,3% beban sedang. Kemudian 71,7% keluarga mengalami gangguan perasaan yang normal, 20,7% gangguan perasaan ringan, 4,3% depresi ringan, 2,2% depresi sedang, dan 1,1% depresi berat. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukan terdapat hubungan positif antara beban dengan depresi, dengan p value 0,000 (r=0,547). Simpulan dalam penelitian ini yaitu semakin tinggi beban yang dirasakan oleh keluarga dalam merawat pasien stroke maka semakin berat depresi yang terjadi.

Keywords:

depression family burden stroke

References

Atagun, M. I., Balaban, O., Atagun, Z., Elagoz, M., & Ozpolat, A. (2011). Caregiver Burden in Chronic Diseases. Current Approaches in Psychiatry , 3(3), 513-52. https://doi.org/10.5455/cap.20110323.

Bartolo, M., De Luca, D., Serrao, M., Sinforiani, E., Zucchella, C., & Sandrini, G. (2010). Caregiver burden and needs in community neurorehabilitation. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 42(9), 818–822. https://doi.org/10.2340/16501977-0612

Beck, A. T., & Alford, B. A. (2009). Depression and Treatment by Aaron T. Beck and Brad A. Alford Second Edition. Philadelphia: University of Pennysylvania.

Beck, A.T., Steer, R.A., & Brown, G.K. (1996). Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory-II. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.

Das, S., et al. (2010). Burden Among Stroke Caregivers Results of a Community-Based Study From Kolkata, India. American Heart Association, 2965-2968. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.589598

Denno, M. S., et al. (2013). Anxiety and Depression Associated with Caregiver Burden in Caregiver of Stroke Survivor with Spasticity. the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2013.03.014

DiGiulio, M., Jackson, D., & Keogh, J. (2007). Medical-Surgical Nursing. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Dirgayunita, A. (2016). Depresi: Ciri, Penyebab, dan Penanganannya. Journal An¬nafs: Kajian dan Penelitian Psikologi, 1(1), 1-14.

Family Caregiver Alliance.

(2009). Caregiving. tersedia Dihttps://www.caregiver.org/caregiving

Gadzella, B. M., Baloglu, M., Masten, W. G., & Wang, Q. (2012). Evaluation of the Student Life-stress Inventory-revised. Journal of Instructional Psychologi, 39(2), 82-91.

Gaol, N. T. L. (2016). Teori Stres: Stimulus, Respons, dan Transaksional. Buletin Psikologi, 24(1), 1-11. http://doi.org/10.22146/bpsi.11224

Ge, L., & Mordiffi, S. Z. (2016). Factors Associated with Higher Caregiver Burden among Family Caregivers of Elderly Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review. Wolter Kluwer Health, 0(0), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0000000000000445

Gyton, A. C., & Hall, J. E. (2006). Textbook of Medical Physiology. Philadelphia: Elsevier Inc.

Handayani, D. Y., & Dewi, D. E. (2009). Analisis Kualitas Hidup Penderita dan

Keluarga Pasca Serangan Stroke (dengan gejala sisa). Psycho Idea, 35-44.

Hidayat, R. (2016). Hubungan Caregiver Burden dengan Tingkat Depresi pada Keluarga Pasien Pasca Stroke di Kota Yogyakarta. Skripsi Universitas Gadjah Mada.

Hilton, J., Mudzi, W., Ntsiea, V., & Olorunju, S. (2013). Caregiver Strain and Quality of Life 6 to 36 Months Post Stroke. Wits Special Edition Journal, 66- 72.

Hu, X., Dolansky, M. A., & Qu, M. (2016). Factors Associated with the Caregiver Burden Among Family Caregivers of Patients with Heart Failure in Southwest China. Nursing and Health Sciences, 18(1), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12253

Joanna Briggs Institute. (2012). Caregiver Burden of Terminally-ill Adults in the Home Setting. Nursing and Health Sciences, 14(4), 435-437. http://doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12013

Julianti, E. (2013). Pengalaman Caregiver dalam Merawat Pasien Pasca Stroke di Rumah pada Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Benda Baru Kota Tangerang Selatan. Skripsi Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.

Kamel, A. A., Bond, A. E., & Froelicher, E. S. (2012). Depression and Caregiver Burden Experienced by Caregivers of Jordanian Patients with Stroke. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 18(2), 147–154. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-172X.2012.02011.x

Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2013). Riset Kesehatan Dasar.

Kumar, R., Kaur, S., & Reddemma, K. (2015). Burden and Coping Strategies in Caregivers of Stroke Survivors. Journal of Neurology and Neuroscience, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.21767/2171-6625.S10005

Martin, S. R., & Yan, S. C. (2014). Level of Caregiver Burden in Jamaican Stroke Caregiver and Relationship between Selected Sociodemographic Variables. West Indian Medical Journal, 63(6), 605-609.

National Institute of Mental Health. (2016). Depression Basics.

Puspitasari, S. (2017). Gambaran Beban Caregiver Keluarga pada Pasien Kanker di Rumah Singgah Yayasan Kanker. UIN Syarif Hidayatullah.

Rahayu, & Agustin, T. (2017). Level of Depression and Caregiver Burden in Family of Stroke Patient in Dr. Drajat Prawieanegara Hospital. STIKES Faletehan Serang, 1-6.

Ratnasari, P., Kristiyawati, S. P., & Solechan, A. (2012). Hubungan Antara Tingkat Ketergantungan Activity Daily Living dengan Depresi pada Pasien Stroke di RSUD Tugurejo Semarang. Stikes Telogorejo Semarang, 1-8.

Satrianegara, M. F. (2014). Pengaruh Religiusitas terhadap Tingkat Depresi, Kecemasan, Stres, dan Kualitas Hidup Penderita Penyakit Kronis di Kota Makassar (Kajian Survei Epidemiologi Berbasis Integrasi Islam dan Kesehatan). Jurnal Kesehatan, 7(1), 288-304.

Seng, B. K., et al. (2010). Validity and Reliability of the Zarit Burden Interview in Assessing Caregiving Burden. Annals Academy of Medicine, 39(10), 758- 763.

Smeltzer, S. C., & Bare, B. G. (2010). Handbook for Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing Ed. 12. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Tofat, A. F. (2014). Gambaran Caregiver Burden pada Keluarga yang Merawat Pasien Pasca Stroke. Skripsi Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.

Wan-Fei, K., et al. (2017). Depression, Anxiety and Quality of Life in Stroke Survivor and Their Family Caregivers: A PilotStudy Using an Actor/Partner Interdependence Model. Electronic Physician, 9(8), 4924-4933. https://doi.org/10.19082/4924

World Health Organization. (2014). Stroke Cerebrovascular Accident. Diakses di http://www.who.int/topics/cerebrovascularaccident/en/ pada tanggal 20 Desember 2017.